Thursday, January 30, 2020
Contain communism Essay Example for Free
Contain communism Essay Communism had always posed a threat to the interest of the U.S. and their attitudes towards the U.S.S.R. had proved they had not entertained the idea of communism much. But it was not until February 1946 did it all come out and the U.S.A began to act towards containing communism. The policy of containment meant the U.S. actively prevented the psreading of communism.There were several ways with which the U.S. tried to contain communism some of which were futile and others effective. However, for every move the U.S. made the U.S.S.R. had a retaliation. One way with which the U.S. tried to contain communism was with the use of the atomic bomb. The dropping of the atomic bomb in Hiroshima was a method that was used to bring the war between the Japanese to a quick end with few loss of American lives. Described by Truman as the greatest thing in history the bomb had a very devastating effect taking up to 70 000 lives. After that another bomb was dropped in Nagasaki, this was particularly to impress Stalin and scare him if possible. However this was to blow up in Trumans face. Stalin feeling that it was an insult that he was never informed of such a weapon by his allies was not impressed and also became more suspicious of the U.S. And the fact that he was also denied the islands in the far east since he had nothing to do with the defeating of Japan also irritated him more. Trumans attempts did not work instead Stalin sought a production of his very own atomic bomb, and alhough it was initially predicted the Soviet Union would get the bomb within 10 years, mysteriously the bomb was in the hands of the Soviets a lot sooner than that, they had it within 4 years. So Truman had nothing against Stalin now. This was one of the unsuccessful means of containing communism because it rather increased the already existing tensions between both countries during the cold war. And because it was a suspicious thing that the U.S.S.R. got the bomb so soon and the U.S. neglected to mention the weapon to the U.S.S.R. suspicion between both countries increased and the gulf between the countries expanded further. Another way in which the U.S. tried to contain communism was through propaganda. The methods through which communism was extending its influence throughout eastern Europe was blatantly unprofessional. The method was given the name salami tactics where by countries in eastern Europe fell one by one into the influence of communism. For example, Czechoslovakia was the last democratic country in eastern Europe until 1948. The elections were coming up in May but because the communist were blamed for the country not receiving the Marshall aid the communist party was expected to do badly. However, before the election there was a coup detat where the police force took over and removed every non-communist personnel from office. In February, representatives of opposing parties were removed and Jan Masaryk the foreign minister who opposed communism personally mysteriously fell out of the window during the coup. The Czech communists took over with little blood shed and with no help from the Soviet Union. These was how the communist parties took over in other countries, by dissolving opposing parties and killing their leaders. This was the method that was used in east European countries such as Poland in 1947,Bulgaria also in 1947, in Romania and Albania, 8 countries in total were taken over using the salami tactics.and the only response the U.S. could give to this was verbal abuse. They simply, verbally condemned the acts which were committed and were hoping that the U.S.S.R would perhaps feel guilty and digress but unfortunately that did not work at all. This method of containment was perhaps the weakest of all mehods because the U.S.A. in no way showed any opposition to the methods used. This could be assumed as slacking in the part of the U.S. to containing communism. The most successful was the combination of policies, that is, Marshall plan and the iron fist policy. The iron fist was a result of the long telegram of February 1946 by George Kennan,deputy chief of mission in the U.S. embassy in Moscow. The telegram though it was lenghty simply said the Soviet Union was neurotic. He saw them as aggressive and insecure and concluded that there should be no compromise with the Soviet Union. Another factor that added to the development of the iron fist approach was that the U.S. were not prepared to make the same mistake that was made by the British. The Britains had a policy of appeasement with Nazi-Germany. They had negotiations with Hitler and gave him whatever he requested for as long as it was seen as reasonable but the appeasement only encouraged Hitler to ask for more and soon there was an outbreak of war in 1939. Truman and other politicians agreed that they did not want the same thing to happen with the U.S.S.R. so therefore the iron fist approach was justified where by Truman refused totally to negotiate with the U.S.S.R. The Marshall plan also was another technique used. George Marshall was the new U.S. secretary of state and he had travelled through western Europe and was disheartened by the devastation he saw and was shocked by the economic crisis of the region. When he came back, he suggested that america invest in the economy of Europe, he argued that as America was a marketing economy Europe would have been a good consumer base but if there was no way for Europe to be able to afford their goods then no profit would be made and the economy of the U.S. would suffer. Therefore investment in the European economy was the solution. Though he asked for 17 million dollars, he was granted 13 million and so this money was distributed through out western Europe. Ofcourse the U.S.S.R. reacted negatively to this and also formed the comecon which organised economic assisstance to the countries of eastern Europe. But unfortunately this was no match for the Marshall plan. Added to this, in Germany, the Yalta and Potsdam agreements had stipulated that Germany be divided into two buffer zones. The western zone was to be under the supervision of the western powers while the eastern zone was under the U.S.S.R. However, in the eastern region, the U.S.S.R. continued taking reparations from Germany because of the damages of world war 2 where as, The U.S. kept putting money into the western zone. Soon it became obvious that the western zone was flourishing compared to the eastern zone. This caused the Berlin blockade of 1948-49. The U.S.S.R.s attempt to divide the eastern zone from the western zone. But this was where the Marshall plan and the iron fist came into play. Truman through the approach of the iron fist refused to give into these manouvres of the U.S.S.R. And with the money from the Marshall plan, the west were able to supply aid to Berliners, they flew food and supplies to them through the Berlin airlift and they were able to provide to over 2 million Berliners. The result of this was that Stalin had to give in and brought down the Berlin blockade by May 1949. A successful combination of the iron fist approach and Marshall plan, the west were able to gain an initiative giving the situation that happened in czechoslovakia and other east European countries. Another successful means of containing communism was the Truman doctrine.In February 1947, the British warned the U.S. that they could not keep their troops in Greece any longer which they had been in since 1944. But after the second world war, the British government began to feel the effect in their economy as they owed 3000 million pounds. This scared Truman because he believed communism was taking over and so by March 1947 he issued the Truman doctrine that specified that any country that had a democratically elected government and was fighting off communism would be given militarial support. And so with this, support from America was given to Greece and the communists were defeated. Stalin, however saw this as U.S. imperalism although he had no retaliation for this because in the first place, he had kept an agreement with Churchill that Greece was an area of British influence. None the less, the U.S. were still able to fight off communism in Greece. These were some of the ways the U.S. had contained communism or tried to.Through militarial means, that is the Truman doctrine and financial mean such as the Marshall plan. And also through propaganda, when they tried belittle the communists because of their use of salami tactics. They also tried the use of terror which was the A-bomb but that proved unsuccessful. Like some of the techniques used and on the other hand, others were quite successful indeed.
Wednesday, January 22, 2020
Ind Aff Theme Analysis Essay -- essays research papers
El Paso Community College English 1302 Research and critical writing                    n                                                                           SHORT STORY PROJECT: IND AFF THEME ANALYSIS Extreme relationships often tend to be abusive in some way from one of the partners towards the other. Very marked age differences some times show a sense of immaturity or a parenting feeling, it is hard to assimilate to someone who in deed is very different to the other. Now when there is a certain dependence that is more than of love, like economic, intellectual, physical, social, progressive it can become very abusive on the depending person. It’s a case were almost anything has to be tolerated, because in deed, if one wants to keep enjoying from those benefits, he or she must lower their head and keep eating what ever is thrown at them. What starts out on a rainy day, seems to open way to the blindness of what’s to come. â€Å"I never got to see much of it cause of the rain†(151), focusing on the fact that she to couldn’t see much of her relationship blinded by the pressure that rained down on her also. There is a constant mentioning of Princip’s story (148), by both lovers; since her theses is based on that historic moment that would be: â€Å"the shot that lit the spark , that fired the timber, that triggered the†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (148). She seems to identify herself in a way with young princip, it’s how she pictures her self, and how she must look for that opportunity to just take control of the situation and just go for it. Our narrator has a direct conflict with Peter’s wife, more of a personal competition to were she considered to have the strong end†¦ â€Å" So far as I could see, it was no contest at all between his wife and myself†. In a sort of way she seems to feel guilty for the way she was slowly being left behind. The Archdukes wife can be represented as Mrs. Piper and how she mustn’t... ...s entertaining.(internet II) Michael Malone; New York Times, April 26, 1992, p. 11. I must agree with Mr. Malone since as much as you’d expect her to destroy peter in her story she gives him a sense of indifference, but one would come to expect that from him since through out the story she seems to plot out his character. Now the way that the story seems to not unravel till the end is interesting, it kind of takes you along a calm river ride with a smooth NIAGRA FALL ending. WORK SITED Weldon, Fay. â€Å"IND AFF†or â€Å"Falling out of love in Sarajevo†Compact Bedford Introduction to Literature. Ed. Michael Meyer. 5th edition. Boston. Bedford / St. Martin’s. 2000. Pages 146-151. INTERNET I RED MOOD http://redmood.com/weldon/biography.html INTERNET II Malone, Michael. â€Å"The Life Force Has a Headache.†The New York Times p.11 April 26, 1992 Criticism about: Fay Weldon. Texshare. E.P.C.C Libraries El Paso 28 February, 2001. Gale Literary Database
Tuesday, January 14, 2020
Current State U.S Economy
The current state of the economy is one that is concerning for almost all Americans. Though we are in the recovery phase businesses are still hurting, people are out of work, we are barely getting out of a depression etc. People are pointing fingers at what is the cause and who is to blame. What was once a strong healthy economy has now drastically changed. There are many economic indicators that are used to evaluate and provide an image of what is currently happening and what an outlook may be on the economy.Several of the important factors are the business cycle, consumer price index, stock prices, consumer confidence index, gross domestic product and unemployment rates. The overall picture of the economy is relevant to its current business cycle. The business cycle is the recurring and fluctuating levels of economic activity that an economy experiences over a long period of time. The five stages of the cycle are growth, peak, recession, trough and recovery. As stated before we are in the recovery process but at a slow rate. One indicator is the Gross Domestic Product.The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the total market value of all goods and services produced, including total consumer, investment, and government spending, plus the value of exports, minus the value of imports. It moves with the economy and describes what’s happening right now. The GDP was at a huge decline a few years ago which resulted in our recession. Currently it has increased by 2. 7 percent which is indicating an improving economy. Another indicator is the Consumer Price Index. The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the change in the purchasing power of currency and the rate of inflation.It shows the current price of a â€Å"basket†of goods and services in terms of the prices during the same period during the previous year. The purpose of the CPI is to show the effect of inflation on purchasing power. The â€Å"basket†of goods and services includes energy (gas prices) and food as well as other goods and services. The decline leads to deflation instead of inflation where consumers hold off on purchases in hopes of lower prices. Consumers are feeling pretty confident and spending has increased over time but not by much leading to the consumer confidence Index.The Consumer Confidence Index is a measure of how well the average American thinks the economy is doing and will do in the short-term. Stock prices are leading indicators of economic activity. If the market goes up and sustains upward activity this is seen as a good economic sign. The measure of stock prices comes from the Standard and Poor’s 500 index not the Down Jones Industrial Average. In September 2012 the S&P 500 index ended more than 25 percent above August. If current trends continue the economy will be vastly improved. The Unemployment rate is also used to understand an economy.The unemployment rate shows the economy's production, private consumption, workers' ear nings, and consumer sentiment. A lower unemployment rate translates into more employed individuals with paychecks, which leads to higher consumer spending, economic growth and potential inflationary pressures. High levels of unemployment are connected with lower incomes, lower spending, and economic stagnation. Our economy has seen the rates change up and down but the growing trend is our unemployment rate is lowering. All these indicators are used to describe the current economy.Though we are not at our highest point, we are slowly moving on the upward side. A pace that most don’t like but relative to the recession years ago it’s surly a vast improvement. November 30, 2012 U. S. Department of Commerce Bureau of Economic Analysis: U. S. Economic Accounts Retrieved on November 30, 2012 from: http://www. bea. gov/ Cunningham, Steven P. H. D The Consumer Sees Reason to Spend American Institute for Economic Research Retrieved on November 30, 2012 from: https://www. aier. o rg/article/7864-consumer-sees-reasons-spend
Sunday, January 5, 2020
Essay on Shirley Jacksons The Lottery - Effective Use...
Effective Use of Character Names in The Lottery â€Å"The common curse of mankind, --folly and ignorance†(Shakespeare). Were he alive, William Shakespeare might fully endorse Shirley Jackson’s ideas as presented in The Lottery. The author, Jackson, very distinctly uses symbolic names for her characters to show the ignorance of the sacrificial lottery, which the small village holds year after year. These sacrifices, which used to be held to appease the god of harvest, have grown meaningless in their culture. Jackson uses the characters not only to visualize the story for the reader, but also each one has a meaning, which adds to the ultimate theme. One of the leaders and MOST important MEN of the town is†¦show more content†¦Mr. Summers, with all of his importance, had someone over him though. Mr. Graves, the postmaster, must have been of more importance and power than he because Mr. Summers had to be sworn in by Mr. Graves before he could have the right to be the official of the lottery. As the reader might easily derive, Mr. Graves symbolizes the sacrificial killing being caused by the lottery. His superiority over Mr. Summers is also symbolic. It shows how the sacrifice and the lottery in itself is more important than the new ideas presented by Mr. Summers and a few other villagers. But, Mr. Graves has many more villagers behind him sharing his views. One of these is Old Man Warner. Mr. Warner is the oldest man in town and, therefore, POSESED THE MOST knowledge of what the original tradition was all about. He lets us know that there has â€Å"always been a lottery†(77). He is repeatedly shown â€Å"warning†the younger parents and the younger generation of what they are in for if they do away with the lottery. Hence, he gets the name Warner. He claims the â€Å"young folks†are a â€Å"pack of crazy fools†and that â€Å"nothing is good enough for them†(77). Jackson refers to him as â€Å"Old Man†Warner partly to show you his age and that he should know the most about the lottery. But, also partly to show that his oldness, his mindset that he is the wisest, is holding the community back from the goodShow MoreRelatedExpect the Unexpected1898 Words  | 8 PagesExpect the Unexpected What thoughts come to mind when you think of â€Å"The Lottery?†Positive thoughts including money, a new home, excitement, and happiness are all associated with the lottery in most cases. However, this is not the case in Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"The Lottery†. Here, the characters in the story are not gambling for money, instead they are gambling for their life. A shock that surprises the reader as she unveils this horrifying tradition in the village on this beautifulRead MoreEssay about The Life and Literary Works of Shirley Jackson4264 Words  | 18 PagesShirley Jackson was born on December 14, 1919 to Leslie and Geraldine Jackson. Her surroundings were comfortable and friendly. Two years after Shirley was born, her family with her newborn brother moved from San Francisco to Burlingame, California, about thirty miles away. According to her mother, Shirley began to compose verse almost as soon as she could write it (Friedman, 18). As a chil d, Shirley was interested in sports and literature. In 1930, a year before she attended Burlingame High SchoolRead MoreAnalysis Of Jackson s The Lottery899 Words  | 4 PagesAnalysis of Jackson’s â€Å"The Lottery†In the story â€Å"The Lottery†by Shirley Jackson, we see the different literary elements she uses to unfold her story. Literary elements help readers to interpret and appreciate the works of a writer. In this Essay I will show you the three most prominent literary elements that were used, and how they add to the suspense, and surprise of the story. These literary elements are point of view, theme, and tone and style. The first literary element of this story isRead MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words  | 116 Pagesor a short story. Events of any kind, of course, inevitably involve people, and for this reason it is virtually impossible to discuss plot in isolation from character. Character and plot are, in fact, intimately and reciprocally related, especially in modern fiction. A major function of plot can be said to be the representation of characters in action, though as we will see the action involved can be internal and psychological as well as external and physical. In order for a plot to begin, some
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